There’s a lot of buzz about something big happening in software engineering thanks to the latest batch of AI models. However, most knowledge workers think this is just a “coding thing” which doesn’t apply to them. They’re wrong.
Dan Shapiro, Glowforge CEO and Wharton Research Fellow, recently published a five-level framework which maps the level of AI assistance for coding from simple searches all the way to a “dark factory,” where AI is essentially just a black box that turns specs into software.
I want to walk through those five levels, because I think this pattern also applies to knowledge work, and we knowledge workers are not far behind coders in this regard.



